9. Performance Optimization

Caching:

Use a caching layer (e.g., Redis, Memcached) to cache frequently accessed data.

Optimizing Queries:

// Good 
SELECT name FROM users WHERE id = 1;  

// Bad 
SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = 1; 

Profiling and Benchmarking:

Use profiling tools (e.g., Xdebug, Blackfire) to identify performance bottlenecks.